Discussion Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Discussion - Case Study Example In asexual reproduction, new organisms develop from a cell or cells of the parent without the fusion of nuclei in processes such as binary fission, budding and sporulation. In sexual reproduction, there is the production of specialized sex cells/gametes and the fusion of their nuclei to produce a fertilized egg cell. Metabolism is the sum of the physiological processes by which an organism maintains life. These processes produce energy which is used by the body to build up new cells and tissues; provide heat and engage in physical activities (Barnhart, 1986).. Response to stimuli is a situation in which the body or a part of the body is excited to transmit an impulse along a nerve, moving a muscle or increasing the heart beat rate. Reproduction is shared by all things that are alive as they all either reproduce sexually or asexually. It is important for the continuation of life among the living organisms. The outcome of a chicken farmer who allowed her best egg-laying chickens but not the poor producers to reproduce was is an example of artificial selection. This is because he modified the process of natural selection in the chickens by only choosing the best ones. This led to the increase in the egg production over the

Tom Clancy Essay Example for Free

Tom Clancy Essay Last month as I was browsing through a used bookstore, I came across a dog-eared copy of Red Storm Rising. Tom Clancy, being one of my favorite writers, I decided to pick it up and read through the book. What surprised me was not the author’s attention to detail which he is known for, but the depth of the scenarios which take place on the global landscape and development of each scenario on the overall picture. One of the facets of the novel is the journey made by a USAF meteorological officer stationed in Iceland when the Soviets decided to invade. Lt. Mike Edwards as described in the book is a scholarly looking weatherman for the base he works at. Although nerdy looking, he was a quickly liked by his comrades for his humorous outlook and no-nonsense approach to life. When the Russians attacked he and three other marines were forced to retreat and execute partisan activities against the invading force. Armed with light weapons and a satellite radio, they began their trek from Keflavik airbase pondering on how best to hamper their enemies with what little they had. The invaders already quelled most of the armed resistance in the country and had the edge in numbers and equipment. Their best contribution would be in the form of real time intelligence to their allies. Their first goal was to reach a hill a couple of kilometers from the fallen base where they could establish communications and find out what was going on. The marines Edwards was teamed up with did not know him very well since they were from different services but they passed judgment on him based on his bookish features. Priding themselves with their physical prowess (the USMC has one of the toughest training programs) they strove to exhaust their â€Å"pencil pushing† officer into the ground. Mike matched them stride for stride much to the surprise of the hardened soldiers. Through flat terrain and mountainous crags, he kept up with their pace, never slacking, never complaining. In one of their layovers, the sergeant he was with asked him how he could keep up. Mike simply answered that he used to run the marathon foe the Air Force Academy in Colorado. After that the marines treated him with a newfound respect stemming from embarrassment at having misjudged their leader. Another important event in their journey was meeting Vigdis Augustdottir, a local who lived in an isolated farm with her parents. The group came across her in their trek when a squad of garrison soldiers decided to cure their boredom by raping and pillaging the farm she lived in. This was another surprise for the marines when they immediately found out what was going on. Edwards usually an easygoing guy who avoided confrontation with the enemy immediately gave orders to fan out and engage with minimal casualties. The encounter was short and ugly. All of the Soviets had to be eliminated to prevent them from reporting back and both of Vigdis’ parents were killed by the Russians. They had no choice but to take the girl with them as survivors would most likely be questioned and dumped the dead soldiers to make it look like an accident. Vigdis provided them with comfort though not at first. As an attempted rape victim, the Americans tried their best to keep her mind away from what had happened by keeping the strenuous pace previous to the meeting. Ever mindful of their fragile companion, they each took turns looking out for her and responded to her little cries for help. On and on they trekked without a goal. They just did what they were told by the person on the other end of the radio. Go to this hill and report on the number and type of Soviet aircraft taking off and landing. Get to coordinated positions to verify destruction of target by bombers. Keep out of sight and reestablish contact at prescribed time. These were just some of the things they were ordered to do while walking between 15-20 kilometers a day and kept in the dark on their ultimate goal. The physical journey of this small group might have seemed insignificant but hiking almost 200 miles through enemy territory while surviving off the land is no small feat. Given a less significant task, some people might have folded and gone their own way to await the outcome without doing their share. The information this group provided paved the way for the retaking of Iceland which is a critical point of the G-I-UK line. It is s an array of sonar sensors which allows tracking and early warning of submarines trying to enter the Atlantic and hamper the shipping lanes into Europe. Without this supplies and arms could not be ferried into mainland Europe where the center of the conflict was being waged. The symbolism of a hard journey in order to attain one’s goals although not yet clear was beautifully captured. It also provided a personal and lighter perspective on the war which was being waged. The beautiful and accurate descriptions of the Icelandic landscape and relationships of the group gave meaning to what they were fighting for in the book. Like a corner jigsaw piece, the role of Mike Edwards and his group was essential in painting the big picture. Through their trials and travels, they added another piece to the whole by sending data to allied command which could be utilized in driving the Russians back.

Morality in Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne and The Tell Tale Heart by

Morality in Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne and The Tell Tale Heart by Poe 'Young Goodman Brown,' by Hawthorne, and 'The Tell Tale Heart,' by Poe, offer readers the chance to embark on figurative and literal journeys, through our minds and our hearts. Hawthorne is interested in developing a sense of guilt in his story, an allegory warning against losing one's faith. The point of view and the shift in point of view are symbolic of the darkening, increasingly isolated heart of the main character, Goodman Brown, an everyman figure in an everyman tale. Poe, however, is concerned with capturing a sense of dread in his work, taking a look at the motivations behind the perverseness of human nature. Identifying and understanding the point of view is essential, since it affects a reader's relationship to the protagonist, but also offers perspective in situations where characters are blinded and deceived by their own faults. The main character of Poe?s story embarks on an emotional roller coaster, experiencing everything from terror to triumph. Both authors off er an interpretation of humans as sinful, through the use of foreshadowing, repetition, symbolism and, most importantly, point of view. Hawthorne teaches the reader an explicit moral lesson through the third person omniscient point of view, whereas Poe sidesteps morality in favor of thoroughly developing his characters in the first person point of view. Third person omniscient point of view, dialogue, and imagery are three literary tools used to reveal the intimate thoughts and feelings of the key characters in Hawthorne?s ?Young Goodman Brown.? For example, Faith bids her husband farewell ?softly and rather sadly? (Hawthorne 133). The tranquility of her adieu... ...ther serves to excite and stimulate our senses as we travel into the deranged mind of a killer ? offering us a unique perspective through the first person point of view. Similarly, the ending of ?Young Goodman Brown? offers a moral, but leaves the main character in a state of discord and callousness towards his wife, and his religion. The story is didactic, because the main character is punished for his transgressions. Symbolism, evident especially in Hawthorne?s allegory, and the repetition of Poe?s suspenseful tale serve to further the goals of each writer. Ultimately, Hawthorne?s Goodman Brown becomes isolated from humanity, an issue of the head and the heart, and Poe?s narrator withdraws inside himself, an issue purely of the mind. Recognizing this discord from the self and humanity is essential to understanding the behavior of these troublesome characters.

Comparing Confucianism and Daoism Essay

Philosophical Daoism and early Confucianism have very different views on the way we should live life. If I was to choose a path in life to follow it would be the Confucianist path. Confucianism is a lot more controlled then Daoism. Daoism focuses on wu-wei, which translated is non-action. Non-action means that the Daoists believe the best way to live life is to just go with the flow, and not interrupt the natural course of life. Looking at such perspectives on life only brings chaos to my mind, as a society with a â€Å"go with the flow† attitude could cause a lot of problems. Without rules, regulations, or rituals to follow I feel that people would take advantage of this and simply do whatever it is they wish to do. The Daoist text, Tao Te Ching, does not have specific rules to abide by. It preaches messages via stories on how to live, which are then interpreted into guidelines that the Daoists follow. On the contrary, in Confucianism we are exposed to a way to live in order to achieve the good that is within all of us. Confucius believed that society was naturally good, but he felt that the society was getting corrupted with bad morals that focused on money, profit, and power (Lecture notes November 1,2011). In order to achieve the human goodness that we all have within us, and that we had in the past, he offered his followers two different choices to follow. The first choice involved education, which was accomplished through the five classics; the second method was through simple observation, letting life educate you (Lecture notes, November 3,2011) . These strategies represent moral force rather than physical force, and they cultivate human goodness. Along with these two ideas on how to cultivate human goodness, Confucius strictly believed that ritual, Li, would be the key to achieving good manners. The Master said, So long as the ruler loves ritual, the people will be easy to handle. (14. 44)† (Course Reader 3, p. 335) Confucius regulated his people through the religious rituals, rules, and by enforcing education with the intention that it would help cure his people of the corruption they have endured. Unlike the Daoist path, Confucius clearly had a smart approach on how to handle the current political situation in his country, by assuming ritual would put an end to current conflicts. If people were to follow the Daoist perspective on life it would lead to many conflicts due to the lack of control on people’s actions. These conflicts could grow into a more serious war between people, simply causing more suffering, which is why I would choose the Confucianist path over the path of Daoism. Even though Daoism would seem to cause more problems in society, some aspects of the religion are advantageous. Most people in life do not like to be dictated, and told what to do. Unlike Confucius the Daoists believe that forcing an act, such as educating yourself, is unnatural. Confucius dictated his followers to persevere in education, and this is a possible demand that some may not have followed as it was an act they were told and forced to follow in order to cultivate human goodness. The Daoists believe that going against this natural flow in life takes more vital energy, making the Daoist religion somewhat more plausible then Confucianism(Lecture notes, November 17,2011). But, the freedom in the Daoist religion may also be displeasing when it is looked at as a disadvantage. In Daoism, there is no harsh judgement on morality, meaning there is no good or bad, or right and wrong. The impact of this belief is evident when observing drastic situations such as wars, murders, and robberies. If there is no good or bad, society would have no morals when making decisions. This has a detrimental effect on the Daoist religion because the decisions people make in life could lead to large conflicts and suffering among people when they are made lacking morality. Confucianism on the other hand, lacks answers when the topic of the after-life comes up. Confucius never seemed to talk about the after-life, nor would he have an answer for someone if they were to have asked him about it. Till you know about the living, how are you to know about the dead? (11. 11)† (Course Reader 3, p. 342). Confucius avoided this topic and focused on current life issues, as he wanted to fix the current problems in his country. He looked up to the Duke of Chou, who was a politician, rather than a higher spiritual figure. This shows Confucius’ political rather than religious strategy to fix current problems around him (Lecture notes, Novemeber 8 2011). Confucianism demonstrates a weakness to it’s beliefs because as human beings we want to feel secure, and are curious about the afterlife. By not having an answer to what happens when we die, and by not having any views on the after-life, Confucianism neglects certain questions we want answered. From another point of view, Confucianism gives us exactly what we need to do in order to achieve human goodness. Confucius proposed two methods to cultivate goodness, education and simple observation. Confucianism is regulated, and unlike Daoism which can lead to chaos and disorder among people, the Confucianist path if followed correctly can lead to human goodness. Mencius also believed in goodness, because he taught his followers that all human beings are born good. Mencius believed in good and bad, and he described good as sympathetic compassion. Sympathetic compassion is the inability of humans to bare the suffering of others. Mencius also taught his followers that through education they can develop sympathetic compassion (Lecture notes, November 3,2011). The idea of human goodness, and the stability of a regulated religion based on ritual is what makes Confucianism more favourable. Despite the pros and cons mentioned for each religion, Confucianism is the better alternative due to its safe qualities. By following Confucianism there would be less worries about war and conflicts occurring due to choices made with the lack of morality. Confucianism would direct people towards the right direction in life, by teaching the followers how to cultivate human goodness. By cultivating human goodness, the Confucianist society would only ameliorate themselves as people. The path of Confucianism would be a strong and supportive religion to follow that would contribute to contentment for it’s followers along with those around them.

Persuasion Essay

Jane Austin explores the character Anne Elliot, a 27- year-old unappreciated and self-sacrificing woman dealing with the emotional consequences of a returned love that she had been persuaded to reject in marriage seven years earlier. Austin exposes Anne as a timid and self-sacrificing character, her emotions and thoughts internalized and her presence dismissed by those around her.As the heroine of the novel Student's values are conveyed through Anne, displaying her distaste to aristocracy and preference to meritocracy, the challenge of enders and the convenience and social rules In acceptance to marriage, the rejection of these conventions displayed through Student's use of Irony and satire throughout the novel.The film ‘Persuasion' by Adrian Sherwood (2007) however sees a storyline that falls to grasp these concepts displaying a storyline that Is exaggerated and dramatic, focusing almost solely on the love story, often resulting In a film adaptation of Anne Elliot who wanders slantingly from the novels original character who displays little to no character development.The Anne of the novel Is often isolated, particularly in regard to her emotional state, contrasting greatly to Shareholders film adaptation where Anne is seen to be sharing her upset and feeling more openly. In the novel, Wentworth return is not accompanied by a debrief with Lady Russell where Anne expresses her distress and panic, rather, Austin displays her emotion through isolation and lack of communication with others, conveyed to the reader through narration rather than dialogue.Anne is adapted to a film audience to clearly display her state of mind and current emotion as to ensure that ere reactions to certain situations are obvious, for example, the various scenes where Anne looks directly into the camera, connecting directly with the audience to show the devastation she is experiencing, pushing the emotion to solidify the facts of her distress that may have been previously missed.Th is results in an Anne that is much more dramatic and has heightened emotion in great comparison to the submissive and overly polite nature of Anne in the novel, who shies away from expressing herself to such an extent that when Anne can't contain her emotion from Wentworth letter ND is seen to impact on her appearance, she is only thought to be sick.Sherwood abandons the social conventions of the 19th century setting to produce a film that is unrealistic and untrue to the situations Anne experiences In the novel. Jane Student's Anne Elliot undergoes character development throughout the novel and experiences transformation, symbolizes by her change In appearance toward the end of the novel as she begins to ‘bloom' once again, her nature becoming more assertive and confident.Student's end result In Anne Is one that Is not seen wealth the film as there Is no growth or development Incorporated, her appearance only seen hanged as she arrives at Excellency with Captain Wentworth, he r hair styled differently and her dress a brighter color, suggesting that she Is happier and changed only as a result of Wentworth love, supporting the sole focus of the film to be the romantic plotting.Persuasion Essay By manhole's genders and the convenience and social rules in acceptance to marriage, the rejection of these conventions displayed through Student's use of irony and satire storyline that fails to grasp these concepts displaying a storyline that is exaggerated and dramatic, focusing almost solely on the love story, often resulting in a film adaptation of Anne Elliot who wanders significantly from the novel's original character who displays little to no character development.The Anne of the novel is film that is unrealistic and untrue to the situations Anne experiences in the novel. And experiences transformation, symbolizes by her change in appearance toward assertive and confident. Student's end result in Anne is one that is not seen within the film as there is no gr owth or development incorporated, her appearance only seen differently and her dress a brighter color, suggesting that she is happier and

Princeton Acceptance Letter Real and Official

Princeton Acceptance Letter Real and Official SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Each year, PrincetonUniversityreceives over 25,000 applications for its undergraduate class. Only 7% of them get a Princetonacceptance letter.For example, in 2015, Princeton received 27,290 applicationsfor the Class of 2019 and accepted 1,908 students. That's a tiny 6.99% admission rate. Unfortunately, the overwhelming majority of applicants get a rejection letter. â€Å"I'm sorry to inform you†¦Ã¢â‚¬ I was one of the lucky few to apply to Princeton and receive an acceptance letter in the mail. Since Princeton was one of my top choice schools, I was ecstatic that they wanted me as part of their community. I dreamed about how my future would turn out if I attended Princeton. Here’s my complete, official Princetonacceptance letter. Want to learn what it takes to get a Princetonadmit letter yourself? Read my How to Get Into Harvard, Princeton and the Ivy League guide. I'll take you through the philosophy behind how to become the world-class student that schools like Princeton, Harvard, and Stanfordare looking for. You'll learn what it means to develop an application Spike, why being well-rounded is the path to rejection, and how to craft a compelling application yourself. Read this guide now before it's too late. Here's a scan of the original admissions letter sent to me by the Admission Office at PrincetonUniversity. Personal Story: When deciding between my top choice schools (Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, MIT), ultimately it came down to Princeton and Harvard. It was a tough choice - Harvard had broader opportunities and was in a city. But Princeton seemed to have a more spirited school culture, with its famous eating clubs, and it seemed to emphasize undergrad education more strongly. In the end I went with Harvard (and I made the right choice for myself), but it was tough. After the letter, I'll give you tips on what it takes for you to get an acceptance letter like this for yourself. Princeton UniversityAdmission OfficePO Box 430110 West CollegePrinceton, New Jersey 08544-0430 March 31, 2005 Dear Allen: Congratulations! The committee has reviewed your application and we are happy to offer you admission to the Class of 2009. Princeton received a record applicant pool of over 16,500 applications this year and your academic accomplishments, extra-curricular achievements and personal qualities stood out among this strong pool. The committee was impressed with all you have done. Thank you for applying. We are delighted to be accepting you. If you applied for financial aid, a letter from the Financial Aid Office is enclosed with this mailing. If you have any questions, a member of the financial aid staff would be pleased to speak with you or your parents. We understand that paying for a college education is a significant commitment, and we would like to help you through the process. Princeton’s policy of replacing the student loan with additional grant sets us apart from other schools and allows you to graduate without any expected debt. You and your parents are invited to join us on April 14-16 for our April Hosting program to learn more about Princeton. An invitation is enclosed with this mailing. Our faculty members are interested in meeting you and we hope you can join us. Also included in this packet is the response card which you need to fill out and return to us with a May 1 postmark. Should you decide to attend Princeton, we will be sending you more materials later this spring with information about getting ready for your freshman year. Once again, congratulations. We are thrilled to be sending you this splendid news. If you have any questions about the academic program, residential life, or a particular interest, please let us know and we will help you get the answers. Sincerely, Janet Lavin Rapelye Dean of Admission Congratulations! So this is a pretty standard letter. Like Harvard, Stanford, and MIT, the Dean of Admission signs the letter by hand, which is a nice personal touch. OK....so now what? You probably have a reason for reading this acceptance letter. Let me try to help you out. If you just received a rejection letter from Princeton, I'm sorry. When admissions officers say it's a really tough choice to reject students, they're speaking the truth. Chances are you were very well qualified but were just edged out by other applicants. The good news is that you're fully in command of your fate. There are Princeton alumni who end up aimless,and there are graduates from hundreds of other colleges (and people who never went to college) who achieve great things in this world.So if you're disappointed about a Princetonrejection, I hope you pick yourself up and focus on building your future from this point on. Here's a guide on how to get great grades in college, which is likely your next step. If you're planning your college application and want to apply to Princeton, I hope this acceptance letter inspires you to want your own. Make no mistake, it's not easy to get in. It took a lot of hard work to pass Princeton'stough admission requirements. Throughout high school, I had to strategize carefully and spend my time effectively so I could balance great grades,AP coursework,hightest scores, and deep extracurricular activities. To help you out, in the following guides, you'll learn everythingI know about succeeding in high school and college admissions. If you want your own Princeton acceptance letter, these are must-read guides: 1) How to Get Into Harvard, Princeton,and the Ivy League This is the most fundamental guide to help you understand what top colleges like Princeton are looking for. You'll learn my philosophy behind: what kinds of students are most attractive to Princetonand why why being well-rounded is the kiss of deathin selectivecollege admissions what a Spike is, and why an effective Spike will have all your top choice colleges fighting for you how you can develop your own compelling Spike based on your interests Spoiler: it's not easy, and there's no magic wand that can instantly get you a Princeton acceptance. But in my experience with thousands of students applying to college, there are huge misconceptions about what Ivy League-level colleges are looking for. In the process, most studentswaste far too much time on things that aren't important and do nothing to raise their admissions chances. Even worse, they feel stressed all day. That's why I wrote this guide. Read it before it's too late - it mighttotally change your high school strategy. 2) My Complete Successful Application, including Common App and Supplement To complement my "How to Get Into Harvard"guide, I share my entire college application, page by page, word for word. You'll see the exact application that the admissions committee at Princetonsaw, including the Common Application, my personal essays, letters of recommendation, and transcript. I also provide commentary on every piece of my application. You'll see what was REALLY important to get me into Princeton,and other things that weren't. You'll even see mistakes I made in my application. I've never seen anyone else provide this level of analysis and detail. 3) How to Get a 4.0 GPA and Better Grades Your coursework is critical to your college application. Not only do you need great grades, you need great grades in what Princetonsays is "themost rigorous courses possible." This can be very stressful and confusing. Do you ever feel like you're taking too many AP courses and struggling to even stay afloat? Having worked with a lot of students, the biggest problems I see are in mindset, habits, and strategy. To help students out, I've written a complete guide onhow to excel in high school coursework. I take you through three levels of detail, from high to low: Mindset and Psychology: Do you have the confidence to know your growth potential? Are you prepared to work hard? Overall Planning and Habits: Do you get the best results from every hour you spend studying? Do you understand what teachers care about, and how to give them what they want? Do you know how to avoid procrastination? Individual Class Strategies: How do you excel in English classes? How is this different from math and science classes? I learned a lot of these lessons the hard way from high school and college. This is the guide I wish I had before starting high school.I used these concepts to get a 4.0 GPA in high school and highest honors at Harvard. Take the time to read it and you might get better grades while saving hundreds of hours of study time. 4) How to Get a Perfect SAT Score/ How to Get a Perfect ACT Score Besides, GPA, theother major number on your application isyour SAT/ACT score. This score isso important because your scores compares yourself to high school students across the country. Top schools like Princetonexpect you to be in the top 1 percentile of the country. If you're not, you'll cast serious doubt on your ability to keep up with your Princeton classmates. In my perfect SAT and perfect ACT guides, I share the major strategies that you'll need to boost your score above a 2100 on the SAT and 32 on the ACT. Also, check out my series on getting perfect scores in each of the sections on the SAT/ACT: SAT 800 Series: Reading | Math | Writing ACT 36 Series: English | Math | Reading | Science Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

How to Catch up on Your College Classes

How to Catch up on Your College Classes No matter where you go to college, youll inevitably face a semester (or two) where the workload moves from feeling overwhelming to actually being overwhelming. All of the reading, writing, lab time, papers, and exams- especially when combined with all you have to do for your other classes- becomes too much. Whether you fall behind because you mismanaged your time or because theres no possible way a reasonable person could manage all you were expected to do, one thing is clear: youre behind. What exactly are your options now? Assess the Damage Go through all of your classes- even if you think youre behind in only one or two- and make a quick list of things youve done (example: finished the reading through week three) as well as things you havent (example: started the research paper due next week). Remember, this isnt necessarily a list of what youll need to do next; its just a way to organize what material and assignments youve done and what youve missed. Look Down the Road You dont want to sabotage your own chances at catching up by inadvertently falling further behind. Look at your syllabi for each class for the next 4 to 6 weeks. Which major projects are coming down the pipe? What midterms, exams, or other big assignments do you need to plan for? Are there weeks with bigger reading loads than others, or less? Get a Master Calendar Going If you want to do well in college, youll need a time management system. Theres simply no way around that basic fact. And if youre behind in your classes, youll need some kind of large, master calendar you can use to coordinate your catch-up efforts. So whether its something online, something you print out, or something like a Google calendar, youll need to get something started ASAP. Prioritize Make separate lists for all of your classes–even the ones you arent behind on- about what youll need to do from here. First, look at all that you need to do to catch up (as suggested above). Second, look at all that you need to do in the next four to six weeks (also suggested previously). Pick the top two to three things you absolutely must do for each class. This likely means that all of the work you need to do wont get done, but thats okay: part of being in college is learning how to prioritize when necessary.   Make an Action Plan Take that master calendar you made, grab the list of priorities you created, and introduce them to one another. If, for example, you need to first outline chapters one to six so that you can then write your research paper next week, simply break it down. Which chapter will you do on what day? What is your goal date to complete it? When will you outline your paper, and when will you write it? When will you revise it? Telling yourself that you have to read all of the material before your paper is due is both too nebulous and completely overwhelming. However, telling yourself that you have an action plan and all you need to do is outline chapter 1 today makes it all manageable. When you have a solid plan to get back on track to meet your deadlines, youll be a lot less stressed. Stick With It Youre still behind, after all, which means you have a lot of work to do to make sure you pass your classes. It isnt easy to catch up, but you can do it- if you stick with it. It took more than one day for you to fall behind, which means it will take more than one day to catch up. Stick with your plan and adjust as necessary. As long as you keep your goals in view, remain on track with your calendar, and reward yourself along the way, you should be just fine.

Appositive Adjective Definition and Examples

Appositive Adjective Definition and Examples An Appositive Adjective is a traditional grammatical term for an adjective (or a series of adjectives) that follows a noun and, like a nonrestrictive appositive, is set off by commas or dashes. Appositive adjectives often appear in pairs or groups of three (tricolons). Examples and Observations Arthur was a big boy, tall, strong, and broad-shouldered.(Janet B. Pascal, Arthur Conan Doyle: Beyond Baker Street. Oxford University Press, 2000)No Chinese emperor was more resplendently arrayed. As for the cigarette that he holds out, half smoked, to be taken and deposited by his valet, a whole civilization- urbane, authoritative, preposterous, and doomed- resides in that single gesture.(Anthony Lane, Life and Death Matters. The New Yorker, February 8, 2010)Much of the greatest poetry, ancient and modern, has been occupied with a similar image: the figure of the abandoned woman.(Lawrence Lipking, Abandoned Women and Poetic Tradition. The University of Chicago Press, 1988)Since then the starless night is gone,The warm south-western showers have passed;The trees, forlorn and bare, sigh on,And shiver in the northern blast.(Caroline May, Dead Leaves, 1865)Though Sfars fantastic visual excesses distort some facts, they perfectly reflect the spirit of Gainsbourgs life and reputation- exc essive, brilliant, controversial, and tortured.(Michael Rabiger and Mick Hurbis-Cherrier, Directing: Film Techniques and Aesthetics, 5th ed. Focal Press, 2013) Melrose in his skullcap, sitting sideways in his chair, his cigarette held aloft, presented a profile which might have been that of some Venetian Doge, old, withered and crafty.(Mary Augusta Ward, The Mating of Lydia, 1913) Characteristics of Appositive Adjectives Appositive adjectives, which hardly ever spring naturally to our lips, differ from regular adjectives both in placement and in punctuation. They are placed after the noun or before the determiner, and they are set off by commas. When there is no determiner, they are still set off by commas. Their functions are somewhat different, too, although the difference is hard to pin down. It should be fairly easy to feel, however, if you read these three sentences aloud, one after the other. Adjectives in normal position:The sturdy old cabin survived the hurricane.Appositive adjectives following the noun:The cabin, old but sturdy, survived the hurricane.Appositive adjectives before the determiner:Old but sturdy, the cabin survived the hurricane. In the second and third sentences, the placement and punctuation of old but sturdy lead you to place a stress on both appositive adjectives that they do not get in the first sentence... [T]he placement and punctuation of the adjectives focus special attention on the contrast. This is partly because the information is not there primarily to identify the noun. If the adjectives for cabin were old and red- The old red cabin survived the hurricane- we would not think of putting old and red in the appositive position. They describe, they modify, but they do not suggest the same idea as old but sturdy. Appositive adjectives typically suggest a relation between information found in a sentence and information carried by the adjectives themselves.Appositive adjectives hardly ever appear singly... When they do, they are almost always modified by a prepositional phrase.(Michael Kischner and Edith Wolin, Writers Choices: Grammar to Improve Style. Harcourt, 2002) A Loose Construction The Appositive Adjective. When an adjective is loosely joined, almost as an afterthought, to a substantive which has a separate existence in the mind, the construction is called appositive. It is the loosest of all constructions, as is shown by the fact that it is usually set off by commas. It resembles the noun in apposition as far as any adjective resembles a noun; i.e., it assumes a single attribute, while a noun assumes a group of attributes large enough to imply a partial identity. Example: All sizes, large and small, are sold here. (Irene M. Mead, The English Language and Its Grammar. Silver, Burdett and Company, 1896)

Costco Wholesale In 2012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Costco Wholesale In 2012 - Essay Example The philosophy of the Costco is to be concerned with customers and employees and meeting their needs which in the long-run results to rewarding of their shareholders. Stakeholders have invested a lot of their money in the company. They have faith that Costco will invest wisely and despite the ups and downs, the business has operated in profitable ways. Costco has inventories traded publicly on the NASDAQ stock exchange market. The stakeholders therefore get good returns from the company. Porters Five Forces Model has five forces which include: The threat of substitute products. This can be a strong threat especially considering there is e- retailing and websites like costo.com in Canada. It therefore limits the profits that a company could actualize and the amount of sales. The bargaining power of suppliers is moderate to low competitive force. Costco has many warehouses and therefore it requires many suppliers. However there is no supplier who can singly influence the pricing of raw materials or even striking due to financial instability. Instead, the suppliers compete for the supply orders despite the poor terms and conditions of trade. This reduces their bargaining power. Bargaining power of customers is a weak threat because Costco is a large retailer which even sells its products in bulk. Most of the members purchase products in small amounts as compared to the whole stock. One member has very little or even none influence on the quality and prices of products sold by the company. Even if the member results to quit the company and go to the competitor of Costco will have no effect on the sales volume of the company. Threats of new entrants are low considering that Costco has already established itself and it offers low prices of its products. This discourages any new entrant because it cannot reduce prices below the ones existing in the market.

The retail environment of clothing apparel organization Abercrombie & Essay

The retail environment of clothing apparel organization Abercrombie & Fitch in terms of pervading retail theory - Essay Example One such company is the teen clothing store Abercrombie & Fitch. Through reference to contemporary retail theory, this report investigates Abercrombie & Fitch’s retail environment. Abercrombie & Fitch Background While Abercrombie & Fitch is popularly recognized for its modern fashions and pop culture style, the company has a long history dating back to the 19th century. Indeed, David Abercrombie and Ezra Fitch founded the company as a sporting goods store in 1892 (Zuidhof 2007). During the early 20th century David Abercrombie left the organization, but Ezra Fitch continued operations. Fitch would witness successful company operations and expansion until his retirement in 1928 (Zuidhof 2007). During the period Fitch controlled the organization they expanded from sporting goods to a wide-array of amenities, including clothing and board games. The organization was the first company to carry the game Mahjong and they even outfitted Charles Lindberg for his flight across the Atlant ic. After Fitch’s retirement his brother-in-law James S. Cobb purchased the organization. After Cobb assumed controlled the organization further expanded, purchasing Von Lengerke & Detmold, a European dealer of sportings guns. The company continued in relative prosperity until the 1970s when they increasingly experienced declining revenue. Ultimately, the company was forced to declare chapter 11 bankruptcy. In 1977 the company closed until it was bought in 1978 by sporting goods retailer Oshman’s for $1.5 million (Zuidhof 2007). The Oshman era experienced tepid success until it was bought out in 1988 by Limited Brands (Zuidhof 2007). New president Sally Frame-Kasak would move the organization into a decidedly fashion retail direction. This direction was further enhanced in 1992 when clothing executive Michael S. Jeffries assumed the presidency. Jeffries would further shift company emphasis from simply clothing to teenage apparel. From this 1992 period until the present day the company has largely maintained this market structure and has expanded with relative success. The contemporary incarnation of Abercrombie & Fitch five brands: Abercrombie & Fitch, AbercrombieKids, Hollister and RUEHL and Gilly Hicks: Sydney brands. While each of these brands reaches out to different market segments structural changes in the retail environment, the Abercrombie & Fitch storefront, with its ‘classic cool’ theme, remains the flagship offering. Analysis Overarching Theoretical Paradigm One of the most overarching concerns in terms of Abercrombie & Fitch’s contemporary retail environment is the notion of the servicescape. Broadly speaking, the servicescape is the impact of the physical environment in which a service takes place. Booms and Bitner (1981, pg. 36) first established the notion of the servicescape, noting it is, â€Å"the environment in which the service is assembled and in which the seller and customer interact, combined with tangi ble commodities that facilitate performance or communication of the service.† Not merely Abercrombie & Fitch, but indeed all retail environments, this is a pervasive notion for its nearly all-encompassing subject criteria; indeed, Bitner (1992) expanded this notion to include three physical environ

Puerto Rico Court System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Puerto Rico Court System - Research Paper Example There are various weaknesses that could be acknowledged out of the current judicial systems and this is as documented by Griffin and Abbot (2006). Understanding the strengths and the weaknesses would undoubtedly go a long way in informing what should constitute a desirable judicial system. One of the strong points in Griffin and Abbot (2006) is that they develop a comparative approach to judicial systems, and this approach is advantageous because it does not only give examples of flaws in practice that should be addressed but also some strengths that could be adopted, such as by newly established states. According to Griffin and Abbot (2006), U.S judicial system is constituted in a federal manner whereby each state within the federation has a different judicial system. Under the state court system, one is regarded innocent until proven guilty. This implies that the burden to prove one’s innocence lies with the state and not the person being accused. The system is made stronger because it is the responsibility of the state to find someone guilty thus making a person optimistic about their innocence prevailing. Another aspect of this judicial process is that a criminal is assured of a fair, quick trial as well as enjoy the privilege of being judged by jurists. This means that not a single judge can decide on one’s fate as it is the case in other countries. It also implies that a person who is innocent has all the evidence evaluated prior to making the sentence. These elements are undoubtedly the strong points of judicial systems and inform any benchmark to constitute a de sirable court system such as for a newly established state... These elements are undoubtedly the strong points of judicial systems and inform any benchmark to constitute a desirable court system such as for a newly established state. However, there is a limitation to this in the sense that much of the evidence may be suspended due to the procedure. A cop collecting evidence must do so according to set down statutes otherwise they could be done away with. In this case, evidence on tape cannot be taken into consideration if the accused was not aware that a recording was taking place as he was being interrogated by the police. This has led to guilty people walking away scot-free for crimes they have committed. This is because the passing of sentence is recommended by the same panel of jurists who determined his or her case the process becomes fair. Furthermore, the process gives judges a lot of freedom when sentencing criminals. Reeves (2008), cites examples of cases where two people get different timeframes when they have committed the same felon y. That tends to be one of the shortcomings of the state judicial process. The article proposes one guideline, neither should there be minimum nor maximum sentence.Unfortunately, discrimination when passing maximum sentence seems to be confined to black males, as the majority of the population gets fair sentencing.  

Prohibition of Unsolicited Parties Act 2010 Essay

Prohibition of Unsolicited Parties Act 2010 - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Tom works in the particular business as a sales assistant. His duties are limited, according to the employment contract related to the particular position; the supervision of the organization’s premises is not part of Tom’s duties but his job is related only to sales. The manageress of the business asks Tom to keep an eye on the business while she will be abroad; this means that Tom has acquired the right to have access to the business even when it is closed. However, this right is related only to the check of status/ safety of premises and is not expanded to other rights, at least as explained in the case study. Tom asks his friends to visit a specific part of the business for participating in a party that Tom has organized because of his birthday. This action of Tom is out of his powers, as given by the manageress. Furthermore, Tom uses his e-mail for inviting his friends. The specific means of communication is exposed to risks; the phenome non of technical failures of e-mails is quite common. Still, the specific technical problem is rather unusual. This means that Tom could not expect that his invitation would reach all his e-mail contacts, especially if in the past he had faced no such issue when using the specific e-mail service. The above facts should be taken into consideration when deciding on the overall liability of Tom in regard to the particular case. The individuals who joined the party of Tom were welcomed to participate. There was no warning made to them in regard to the mistake and the need for them to leave the place. At this point, the liability of Tom could not be doubted. It was only under the intervention of a neighbor that the party stopped since the police were also asked to intervene. The liability of Tom, as related to the above facts, will be analyzed by referring to the Act under examination, as influenced by relevant provisions of the UK law.

Effective communication among nurses Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effective communication among nurses - Assignment Example It is evident from the study that effective communication among nurses ensures proper understanding, avoidance of medical mishaps, as well as excellent performance of their duties. Based on the fact that nursing is collaborative, efficient communication among the various parties including patients, doctors and nurses cannot be unnoticed. In addition to prevention of health misapprehension, valuable nursing communication ensures customer satisfaction and trust. During their communication nurses should be specific. This implies that a nurse should converse essential information to other nurses, patients and doctors. In the same way, nurses should accurately respond to the questions from patients and other personnel. The primary benefit of effective communication among nurses is satisfaction of patients and perfection of health care system. Due to the wide range of duties that nurses undertake, it is paramount to emulate delegation of duties in order to improve nurse’s performanc e, as well as maximize the available human resources. During the delegation of duties, senior nurses should consider the abilities and the skills possessed by the assistant nurses. To ensure that the assistant nurses have the ability to deal with patients vital signs, nursing ethics depicts that senior nurses must provide that the results of the delegated duties are compliant with the nursing standards. In the same way, it is vital for nurses to make sure that individuals whom duties are delegated to follows the instructions as outlined. Supervision and support of the assistant nurses are other key requirements of the nursing ethics during delegation of duties. One of the major benefits of delegating duties to assistant nurses is that it enables registered nurses to undertake appropriately tasks that cannot be devolved. Even though, at the initial stages the time saved through delegation may not be reasonable, the gradual improvement of skills by the assistant nurses makes the saved time to be significant in the long-term. It is vital to note that rather than undertaking many nursing duties in an ineffective manner, nurses should focus on doing few tasks in an excellent way. In cases where the number of patients requiring closer attention is high, delegation of nursing duties ensures that every patient is effectively addressed. Through delegation, consultation among the nurses is attained, thus, leading to an effective communication system. Strategic planning To meet the needs of a nursing facility, it is imperative for managers to have an attainable vision. Additionally, managers should emulate strategic plans that are focused on attaining organizational goals within 2-5 years. Through development of a mission statement, an organisation gives the public and government authorities the actual picture of why it exists. In this regard, it is vital for managers to seek the input of other nurses in the review of vision and mission statement in case they are outdate d. Environmental assessment is a major step in strategic planning. This entails assessing the demographic profile of other workers, as well as members of the public served by the nursing facility. To make the services provided by the care centre relevant and attainable, hospital management team should take into

Prohibition of Unsolicited Parties Act 2010 Essay

Prohibition of Unsolicited Parties Act 2010 - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Tom works in the particular business as a sales assistant. His duties are limited, according to the employment contract related to the particular position; the supervision of the organization’s premises is not part of Tom’s duties but his job is related only to sales. The manageress of the business asks Tom to keep an eye on the business while she will be abroad; this means that Tom has acquired the right to have access to the business even when it is closed. However, this right is related only to the check of status/ safety of premises and is not expanded to other rights, at least as explained in the case study. Tom asks his friends to visit a specific part of the business for participating in a party that Tom has organized because of his birthday. This action of Tom is out of his powers, as given by the manageress. Furthermore, Tom uses his e-mail for inviting his friends. The specific means of communication is exposed to risks; the phenome non of technical failures of e-mails is quite common. Still, the specific technical problem is rather unusual. This means that Tom could not expect that his invitation would reach all his e-mail contacts, especially if in the past he had faced no such issue when using the specific e-mail service. The above facts should be taken into consideration when deciding on the overall liability of Tom in regard to the particular case. The individuals who joined the party of Tom were welcomed to participate. There was no warning made to them in regard to the mistake and the need for them to leave the place. At this point, the liability of Tom could not be doubted. It was only under the intervention of a neighbor that the party stopped since the police were also asked to intervene. The liability of Tom, as related to the above facts, will be analyzed by referring to the Act under examination, as influenced by relevant provisions of the UK law.

Family Connections Of Lane And Douglas Counties Research Paper

Family Connections Of Lane And Douglas Counties - Research Paper Example This is partly due to the little funds that they receive from donors. They should update their website, which is somehow not user-friendly (Source 5). Moreover, the organization is so relevant to the community and people must be aware of its services. This is the only way the company will maintain its business.C. Audiences i. Label and describe at least two audiences - include at least two basic demographic stats.Parents: Parents with younger kids who require assistance can seek child care services which are not only compatible with their schedule but are also of good quality. There is all the needed information that the parents can require on the website. This includes registry and some other links to extra information. Besides, consultant meets with parents so as to provide them with information concerning how to choose a childcare service plus any other prior information which might be needed. Child Providers: the organization assists child care providers to achieve the desired bo nd between them and the people who are seeking child care. Millions of children between 4 to 6 years old are in a childcare setting, of one kind or another, every week. Through meetings, the organization presents advice and link child providers with potential childcare seekers. They advise them on how to get involved. The corporation associated with child providers who are capable of bringing quality to its work and who are harmless and dependable for the kids they are taking care of.

Aalto university Essay Example for Free

Aalto university Essay Student reports serve as an important source of information for potential outgoing exchange students in regards to the various exchange programs available to GSOM students. An individual’s study abroad experience is as unique as the exchange programs provided by GSOM. As every report will be available for viewing at the GSOM website, these contributions will aid in the decision-making process for future outgoing exchange students. The topics below are meant as an aid only. Students are encouraged to use their imagination, while remaining as specific and detailed as possible. The use of pictures, articles from different sources or any other materials that would contribute to the report would be of great use to these reports. Please send your reports and any other supporting materials to GSOM International Office by e-mail [emailprotected] pu. ru FOR REGISTRATION: Skvorcova Ekaterina Your host university: Aalto University School of Business Your study program at GSOM: Master in Corporate Finance Your level and year (for ex. : bachelor, 3rd yr. ): 2nd year Master The semester and year that you studied abroad: Fall 2012. See more:  First Poem for You Essay BEFORE DEPARTURE WHAT DO YOU WISH THAT YOU HAD KNOWN BEFORE LEAVING FOR YOUR HOST SCHOOL? INVITATION/VISAS Firstly I received a letter from my host university, it offered me to fill an application form with approximate choice of courses. Then I was offered to book an accommodation and only after it Aalto University sent me an invitation for visa. It was worth asking them to scan it, because by post it took 3 months. The cost of visa is 250â‚ ¬, it’s called a permission for living, it was done in 3 weeks. For this permission one needs valid  passport, 4 photos, insurance and an invitation from Aalto University. AFTER ARRIVAL INTERNATIONAL SERVICES Helsinki Assosiation of Business students is known for its reliability. They’re called ‘buddies’. They organize plenty of programs for incoming students – picking-up service, parties, travels and so one. I really liked Walrush Day, Sport Days and some parties orgabized by KYY Assosiation. INTERNATIONAL INTRO WEEK? Unfortunately my permission for living was giving to me from 8th of September, but an Orientation Day was held the day before. I heard, that Orientation program took a few days or one weekend, where all incoming students had possibility to know the University, city center and each other. CULTURE SHOCK My host University were really helpful, every professor or coordinator were eager to help with every problem. As for culture shock, it was not so severe, because our nordic cultures are similar somehow. CAMPUS FACILITIES Comparable with GSOM facilities, the building is not so pretty, but all the services are the same – Wi-Fi access, computer access, library. It was not necessary to bring your own computer. ACADEMICS COURSES Every semester consists from 2 parts – for example, fall semester, the 1st part – from 10th of September till 22th of October, the 2nd part – till 15th of December. Before the beginning of each part a student have some time to choose courses, definitely, it’s worth not wasting your time and register for them in the very first day of registration. Needles to say, one should read carefully the description of the courses and priority of students, I was rejected to registration of two courses, because one of them was only for CEMS and another for finnish students as priority audience. Finally I passed 4 courses: New Product Development, Behavioral Finance and Decision Making, Management and Strategy Making, and Spanish Business Communication. In general the workload is not heavier comparable with GSOM, but it depends on the courses and teacher’s methods. TEACHING The style of teaching is not dramatically different from GSOM one, the material is covered sometimes more deeply, speed is lower. Quality of teaching is perfect, class participation is obligatory. Style of teaching is mixed with seminars, lectures, a lot of group projects. EXAMS I’ve taken 3 common exams and 1 book exam. If you have less time, it’s better to pass a book one, moreover you have 3 chances to pass them. CORPORATE CONTACT AND INTERNSHIPS Was there a strong corporate presence at your host university? Were you able to use the host schools career services and were there any internship opportunities? LANGUAGE COURSES If your exchange period is less than half a year it’s not worth studying Finnish, because it’s quite complicated. But Aalto University offers a lot of other opportunities for you with foreign languages such as Spanish,  German, French mostly with native speakers in a very interactive mode. HOUSING FACILITIES One of the first steps in filling the documents was choosing my accommodation. Aalto is a partner with HOAS which offers different kinds of accommodation for incoming students, you can choose whatever you want. I’ve chosen a room in 5 km from University, almost in the Center (5 min by train), it costs 390â‚ ¬ per month. COSTS/EXPENSES †¢ accommodation 390â‚ ¬ per month †¢ textbooks everything you can find in a library †¢ local transportation (buses, trains) 22â‚ ¬ per month. †¢ food/groceries (is this more or less RUR than in St. Petersburg? ) 200â‚ ¬ per month †¢ entertainment – very expensive BANKING If your stay in Helsinki is less than 2 years it’s not worth to open up a bank account, because in this case it would be not free, you can easily use your Russian bank account, everywhere you can pay using it. Finnish people use cash very rarely, so it’s not worth taking a lot of cash, just for the case when something is wrong with your bank account. STUDENT HEALTH SERVICES There is a health care insurance for all students who buy a student card, I’ve never used it. It costs 50â‚ ¬. SOCIAL EVENTS I’ve noticed that mostly exchangers associate mostly with domestic students rather than with others. It’s good to join KYY Association, they offer a lot of entertainment. SPORTS/RECREATION Unisport (gym + group trainings) is the best way to keep fit here, it’s not so expensive for students (42â‚ ¬ per 3 months) STUDY TOURS/FIELD TRIPS Excursions are not mandatory, their duration depends on the place. It’s good to know that everything is twice more expensive. WHAT TO BRING Laptop, camera, sleeping bag (for trips). GENERAL IMPRESSIONS The school is really worth visiting with all of their facilities, exchange students are crazy that’s why your stay will be unforgettable, but as for me Finland is not so friendly. REPORT CARD On a scale from 1- 5 (with 5 being best, 3 being acceptable) rate your host university on: 3 Academic value of your stay: 4 The experience in general: 4 Are you willing to give us permission to list your e-mail address at the end of this report so that students can contact you if they have questions? [emailprotected] ru.

Sustainable Tourism And Destination Management Management Essay

Sustainable Tourism And Destination Management Management Essay Despite of difficult economic circumstances, tourism industry is still growing especially after a long period economies began to show recovery from the recession. This growth in tourism industry show a figure of 3% to 6% of growth where this range depends on destinations. But there are some negative aspect of tourism which must be taken into account, as the tourism industry growing rapidly, the affect of this growth can be felt on the remaining biologically habitats which are very diverse together with the traditional culture of some of some place where tourism is often very well perceived and supported . Sustainable tourism is an advance form of tourism industry which ensures that environment and local culture must not be affected by the tourism and kept in their original shape as far as possible but together with this sustainable tourism industry understand the role of tourism as means to provide employment to number of people and its role in economic growth. The concept of sustainable tourism mustnt be confused with eco tourism which is different than sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism ensure that sustainable development lead to leaving an overall positive impact on everyone whether its tourism, tourism organization or local residents. I have chosen Brighton Hove, one of prime tourist spot in United Kingdom, as a sustainable city as it was ranked as most sustainable city in UK twice by forum of the future based on number of criteria such as Environmental Impact as name suggest, criteria for assessment were regarding pollution level and effective use of resource. Quality of Life standard of human life in terms availability of education, health etc Future-Proofing the commitment of city towards a more sustainable future through addressing the key issues of changes in climate, preservation of biodiversity and recycling. Brighton Hove was judged second for future-proofing and third for quality of life. Currently valued at over  £407m, the Tourism Economy has to grow in real terms to help the City and its residents benefit. But with nearly 60% of that money coming from just 17% of our visitors, we have to be focussed and targeted on attracting visitors that truly benefit the local area. How the destination has been planned and developed to achieve sustainability, including identification and actions to correct any areas of un-sustainability. The sustainable development in brighten based on basic framework develop by sustainable development commission known as one future different path sustainable development framework which is based five principles of sustainable development. Living within environmental limits Ensuring a strong, healthy and just society Achieving a sustainable economy Using sound science responsibly Promoting good governance The major initiatives to make Brighton a sustainable city for tourism especially regarding protecting environment were taken by the council of brighten by implementing sustainable environmental management system in order to comply and fully to the international standard organization ISO 4001 and BS 9010. There were several projects on achieving sustainability objective were taken in the past and or currently taken by council of Brighton to achieve sustainability in Brighton Hove as it will start with the creation of Sustainable development commission with its framework providing basic guide to achieve sustaibilitity. The areas which are more important to achieve sustainability include the use of thirteen indicators by friends of future to evaluate the British cities in terms of sustainability. Reducing our carbon emissions: The council of Brighton Hove is firmly committed to reduce common emission in the city of Brighton and provide a leadership to its people, businesses in order to reach at a destination of being known as a city of low carbon emission and in order to achieve this very important goal the citys council which run management of city entered into a partnership (known as carbon trusts local authority carbon management programme.) following the development of its comprehensive action plan known as 2006 climate change action plan. This council has firm commitment to reduce its carbon emission by an estimate average of at least 4% in each year to achieve its target of reducing it by 20% till the year 2012. The councils carbon footprint: The carbon footprint measures the emission of carbon from those buildings, vehicle and electricity usage such as street lights which are in under the direct control of the Brighton Hove council. The council of Brighton sign a 10:10 campaign which makes it necessary for council to reduce carbon emission by further 10% together with its five years plan of reducing emission up to 20%. This possible reduction was achieved through a number of factors such as achieving more efficient use of energy together creating an environment across the city which is aware of drawback of high carbon emission etc. Climate change program: The  Nottingham Declaration on Climate Change which shows the council attitude and commitment towards the climate was duly sign by Brighton Hove council in 2004. And with the signing of this declaration the Brighton Hove council prepare a plan to address the key root cause for the change climate. Council contribute in this national program which address the key issue of climate change with the help of its people together with making effective plan to reduce the emissions in each and every area which encourage the local population to reduce their own emission through following the minor changes in operations. Environmental education: The council of Brighton Hoves has not restricted itself on putting itself in a position by a being a sustainable tourist city now but they have invested heavily on making efforts to make Brighton Hove a long term sustainable city and therefore the strategies followed by council include the include the environmental education as key part of its overall sustainable strategy. Fair trade: The fair trade is based on concept that people who are producing some products such as tea are living in extreme poverty because these products are sold without considering any steps to improve the poverty level in these areas and therefore those organization which promote fair trade and committed to its objectives are basically agreeing on payment of price which not only the give and satisfy the producing countrys basic need and cost but also paying an extra money which will be used for the betterment of the lives and working conditions of people employed by producer. The Fair-trade organizations buying the products agree to pay a fair price that covers producers basic needs, costs of production, and is guaranteed to be more than the world price, with the extra money used by workers to improve their living and working conditions. Under the objective of achieving fair trade in brighten and hove, the council of Brighton Hove made five goals which are made up of following elements. First stage is recognition of fair trade as issue together with commitment from management individual parts of city represented by their councilors to promote, support fair trade by passing a resolutions in council and include other provision such as present of products from fair trade organization in the local grocery shops or other related business establishment while work places should promote the fair trade products by using them in their workplace And a campaign to catch the attention of people on promotions of these product through media and other channels. Above all the commitment to continue maintaining status of fair trade city by provision of group which look after fair trade policies and their compliance Brighton Hove has recognized as fair-trade city in the year of 2004 which shows the citys commitment through adaption and implementation of policies which promote sustainability in the city. Food strategy: An partnership know as Brighton Hove food partnership was formed by the council in the year of 2003 with taking people from city including representatives from community group, key organization in order to improve the process of growing food, transporting together with buying and access to food and related problems are addressed. Plastic bags: Though plastic are not legally banned but Brighton Hove council understand the importance of having restricted use of these plastic bags in order to achieve more sustainable environment and therefore have encourage its people and business on not using of plastic but instead using alternatives. The policies adapted by brighten to reduce the negative environmental impact of tourism by encouraging sustainability through following above policies. Though brighten and hove is ranked as number sustainable city of United Kingdom in 2009 but still the city have very bad ecological footprint however the city has shown improvement in the ecological footprint by reducing it 8.5% but still it need more hard work as Brighton is ranked on 15th position by forum for the future in its environmental foot print. But the charity which issues this ranking is now fully acknowledging the fact that council of brighten and hove is moving in the right direction and improving its ecological foot print specifically and its environmental foot print in general to achieve an improved ranking in this regard as well. How the destination has been and is being managed to achieve sustainability. Brighton Hove, as the matter of the fact ranked as most sustainable city in United Kingdom which shows that council and management of the city is fully aware of the issues regarding sustainability and taking active measure to improve sustainability with all regards in the city of brighten and hove. The city has taken a number steps in order to improve sustainability in past and also continuously working in order to improve sustainability future as well. The city entered into 10:10 campaign by which it show its commitment of reducing its carbon emission and in order to achieve that council have made an comprehensive plan on strategy for management of carbon and its implementation in the year of 2007 which is five year plan contain information of current carbon footprint of the city council and its strategy on carbon management and include a number of projects which are design to achieve an aim of reducing carbon emission. Though the brighten has improve its environmental impact in recent years such as improving its air quality together with improving its food measures etc but its performance on quality of life and future proofing were the key area of sustainability where council of Brighton Hove have done significantly in past years and which are recognize by forum for the future but there are other areas where management of city of Brighton Hove i. e council is taking serious step in order to improve its performance are regarding the environmental impact and few of the development occurring in this area are briefly define in previous paragraphs includes investment in environmental education etc. There are number of issues which can be considering under the umbrella of environmental education includes some of the following: Creating a awareness among public on each minor issues which together make a long term impact and make a city unsustainable include for example litter awareness as one of the example under which council have tried to convince people on how litter can affect the wildlife and other peoples health and safety together with an information on amount of money council has to incur in order get rid of this other policies regarding environmental education are based on creating awareness on anti vandalism, waste management and promotion of recycling, initiating trend to promote use of products which are environment friendly. If we assess the current environmental performance of Brighton Hove it can be seen that though the council of city has perform well in terms of achieving sustainability but there are other areas where the need for improvement is genuinely felt. During the year the waste collection per head was improved and reaches up to level which can be said as good. But brighten and hove council is currently not up to the desire level in terms of air and water quality where there is need for improvement is felt by council and subsequently responded and hopefully on next year there would be scores for Brighton Hooves. Brighten and hoves council have an effective sustainability policy on public transport, park providing green space for residents, all for necessities for a healthy life expectancy of its residents and opportunities for residents to high quality education. The council of Brighton and hove have firm commitment towards improvement of its carbon emission and have taken step towards reduction of negative impact on climate together with providing more green space to its people and promote and preserve biodiversity and encourage business to go more green. The priority for the council of Brighton Hove in order to achieve and make Brighton Hove as most sustainable tourist destination are focus on implementing a sustainable transport system, efficient use of resource and protection of environment and together with achieving economic growth and promote Brighton Hove as prime tourist place in the United Kingdom. The goal for brighten and hove city set the council would be achieve through implementing above policies and ensuring that the council achieve its important strategic goals and contribute its share in the UK sustainable development strategy. The south east of UK is the most affluent region and the fact brighten and hove as a city lies in that region is evident from the fact that brighten and hove have achieve significant success in maintaining quality of life but Brighton Hove council understand need to take much steps towards improving its environmental impact and also improving its bio diversity together with supporting green business. Brighten being a wealthier city share the trend together with two other cities of being more concern and therefore taken some practical steps towards achieving sustainability as a city. This trend can be seen from the fact that green party has taken majority of votes 22% in 2005 general election from Brighton which is its best ever performance. Conclusion: Brighton Hove is a city of UK which has consistently proven itself to be real sustainable tourist city through its planning and sustainable development policies but still there are area where Brighton Hove council have to work in order to make themselves less carbon emission city and not only these efforts will raise more revenue from tourist but these measures ensure that Brighton Hove is best place to live for its residents. Although we can the commitment of top leaders of Brighton Hove council towards making serious efforts in order to improve the environmental effect and make Brighton a sustainable city in the world not only in United Kingdom but the management of council need to understand and face the key challenge of translating these future aims and goal regarding sustainability into meaningful and achievable with measureable targets and make strategies which are fully focused on achieving these short targets. The leaders at Brighton Hove council should provide leadershi p in order to achieve long sustainable objectives. Bibliography and reference: Carder, Timothy (1990). The Encyclopedia of Brighton. S.127 East Sussex County Libraries Mawer, A. and F.M. Stenton, The Place-Names of Sussex, Part II, Cambridge 1930, p. 291. Climate Change Action Plan for Brighton Hove (December 2006) Brighton Hove council CITY OF BRIGHTON HOVE 2008/2018: A REFRESHED STRATEGY FOR THE VISITOR ECONOMY. Brighton Hove council The sustainable cities index, 2009 : ranking the largest 20 British cities. Forum for the future 2009 CITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS AND EXPERIENCES FROM ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Available at http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1175554 (Last Access 10th August 2010)

War from the 16th Century to the Invention of Gunpowder Essay -- Artil

War from the 16th Century to the Invention of Gunpowder The invention of the powerful artillery guns would change man’s role in warring engagements. The artillery guns at first were very limited by their own design. The guns were very heavy and had to be transported by water, which meant that only towns and fortresses that were close to a body of water could be attacked with artillery also known as the cannon. There were also some fortresses that were impervious to the early cannon attacks based on strong designs or natural defenses. The French were able to penetrate the round shaped castles and large walls during the late 1400s by using concentrated fire of several small guns instead of a few large ones. A new design of smaller walls that were built in uneven lines, like a star shape, was implemented to strengthen the area called crownworks or hornworks. Other modifications of new designs included lower and thicker walls, gun towers that projected at an angle, intervals of guns for fields of fire, wide and deep ditches, and pillboxes. Of course with the new design of castles came new ways to attack. Some effective ways to attack these castles, but also rare ways to attack, were by surprise, by storm, or by treachery. The most common way to attack the castles were long term engagements that consisted of either surrounding the castle or getting in close enough that the castles guns would be ranged over the position. The long-term methods consisted of starving out the population, forcing surrender, or by mining and bombardment from close range. The use of firepower also began to put an end to the use of headlong charges and hand-to-hand combat during the Renaissance years. The differences between firearms and the bow were obscene at the beginning of the rifle’s evolution. An archer could accurately hit a target at lengths of 200 meters and discharge ten arrows a minute, whereas the arquebus, or rifleman, only had accuracy at 100 meters and took several minutes to reload. Although the new weapons at primacy did not have the accuracy or the range of the bow, the Italians immediately implemented them into their arsenals. The greatest advantage of the early rifles was that the weapon could be mastered in a matter of months, but it could take up to ten years to master the bow. Eventually the muskets overtook the battlefield, replacing t... ...rength of China laid in the overwhelming amounts of personnel serving in the armed forces. Japan made quick use of the new weapons, but concentration was not focused on rapid reloading. The Japanese put more training into accuracy and developed the volley in order to maintain a succession of well-aimed shots. The castles of Japan were also modified to sustain against any type of horizontal attack. The walls were built in front of the hills and backed strongly by the earth. Once stability was restored the Japanese empire began a phase of demilitarization by outlawing guns, tearing down fortifications of defeated enemies, and forbidding books concerning military matters. In both empires of the Far East, sieges were made by mass assaults, mining, or blockades rather than by bombardment. WORKS CITED Parker, Geoffrey. The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West 1500-1800. (Cambridge, United Kingdom:Cambridge University Press, 1996). Chap 1-4 Preston, Richard A., Alex Roland, and Sydney F. Wise. Men In Arms: A History of Warfare and its interrelationships With Western Society. (Belmont, California:Wadsworth/ Thomson Learning, 2001). Chap 8

Product Design Coursework

The aim of this report is to carry out a feasibility study for the development and the manufacture of a novel synthetic fibre to be used to make leisure clothing aimed at the spring and summer market, as asked by our board of directors. I will present a report addressing the project in terms of the Innovation Cycle for product development. This shall cover the definition and evaluation of the products, their form, market and manufacture in terms of the Product Innovation Major Steps, which include: Needs: What needs should the product fill? Ideas: What different products could satisfy these needs? Selection: What ideas are the most promising? Manufacture: How can we make the product in commercial quantities? Innovation Cycle: Product Innovation involves the introduction of a new good or service that is new or substantially improved from previous versions. Innovation is not just about new products, it is a whole new approach to business. The novel synthetic fibre that I will analyse is Nylon with main uses in clothing and footwear. Nylon is a commodity chemical as it is produced in high volumes and yields low profits and so it has a low added value. There is no large scale need for chemists and engineers in commodity chemicals. Needs: What needs should the product fill? The product should fill the customer's needs and to find the needs of the customer, we need to do market research and ask the customers directly what they require through questionnaires or interviews. This is known as primary research as answers are directly answered to the companies needs. Once loads of information has been collected, the customers needs have to be interpreted and taken into consideration. This information can then be used into product specifications and therefore products are produced depending on customer needs. For example, customer needs for the manufacture of Nylon to produce leisure clothing. Essential: o Light weight o Strong o Comfortable Desirable: o Wear resistance o Long lasting o Easy to wash o Easy to iron Useful: o Cheap Specifying a benchmark would be one of the final stages in the needs. The new developed product must meet up to standards with either existing products or an idealised product. If this is not the case then and the benchmark cannot be achieved or surpassed, then it is not worth developing the product. Ideas: What different products could satisfy these needs? The next step in the innovation cycle is to generate ideas. Most of the source of ideas comes from the: > Development team. These people research into the product into great detail and most of the ideas are generated by the developing team. > Customers. Questionnaires and interviews are analysed and a different view of ideas are produced. The interviews and questionnaires can be very important as the customers will be the ones who buy the products at the end and they may also be using similar or existing products. Although questionnaires can sometimes be unreliable if not enough data is collected. > Competitors. Useful data can be obtained if you as a company are selling similar products. > Consultants. These are often not as useful as customers or the development team. > Literature. This will have a large range of views and if researched into properly, books, patents and trade information will produce some excellent ideas. Product development teams generate ideas by brainstorming which is a group exercise and mind mapping which is usually done individually. In developing a product, it requires up to one hundred ideas to find an idea which is really worth going for. To reduce the amount of ideas we have to only the good ideas we have to organise ideas into specific categories which may require more brainstorming. The more ideas are organised, the more we would be able to realise if they are strengths or weaknesses in organisations. Selection: What ideas are the most promising? From all the ideas we have generated, we only take very few good ideas to take forwards for production. To select these few good ideas to take forward we need a Screening Criteria which would select the best ideas. This selection process now would require scientific and engineering judgement. These are: o Safety – Make sure that the product (nylon) would be safe to produce and wear. o Low environmental impact – Make sure that nylon produced clothes and any by-products are not dangerous to the environment o Low cost – Make sure that the method of producing nylon is the cheapest with the highest return for money o Minimum risk – Make the manufacture of nylon economically feasible o Engineering ease – Make the manufacture of nylon technically feasible After the screening process and choosing the best ideas, we now need to do a risk assessment. This will identify and catalogue all risks of producing the product (nylon). Eliminating the risk will be the most important thing and then we can compare quantitatively the terms of the cost and time. Risk management also need to be put in place as to reduce risks or possible risks before proceeding, or accepting the risk and proceeding. This decision is based entirely upon management and the best option will be chosen for the organisation at that time. Manufacture: How can we make the product in commercial quantities? At this stage we are now ready to decide how to produce the product. We have the chemical product we need to manufacture; we have identified customer needs and generated enough ideas to fill this need. When considering the manufacturing process we need to take into account: o Raw materials o Demand for supply o Time taken for product to reach the market o Size of plant o Labour o Operating and capital costs of plant After the manufacturing costs of the product (nylon clothes), we need to consider the packaging. This should be: o Attractive o Waterproof to prevent water ruining the nylon After the packaging, we can finally sell the product. To get the product out onto the market we could: o Advertise in clothes shops o Advertise on TV After advertising, the product would have reached out to a far reaching population.

Market Orientation Benefit an Organization Essay

Definition of Market Orientation : A business approach or philosophy that focuses on identifying and meeting the stated or hidden needs or wants of customers. See also product orientation and sales orientation. ‘Market orientation†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ perspectives include the decision-making perspective, market intelligence perspective, culturally based behavioral perspective, strategic perspective. Developing a Market Orientation: An Organizational Strategy Perspective. International Journal of Research in Marketing, and customer orientation perspective. Corporate culture, customer orientation, According to them, the marketing concept is a business philosophy, whereas the term market orientation refers to the actual implementation of the marketing concept. They added that â€Å"a market orientation appears to provide a unifying focus for the efforts and projects of individuals and departments within the organization.† On the other hand, the market orientation as ‘the organization culture that most effectively and efficient creates the necessary behaviours for the creation of superior value for buyers and, thus, continuous superior performance for the business. As such, they consider market orientation as an organisational culture consisting of three behavioral components, namely, i) customer orientation, ii) competitor orientation and iii) interfunctional coordination. Product Orientation : A business approach or philosophy in which whatever a company makes or supplies is the focus of the management’s attention. See also market orientation and sales orientation. Customer Orientation : 1. General: A party that receives or consumes products (goods or services) and has the ability to choose between different products and suppliers. See also buyer. 2. Quality control: Entity within a firm who establishes the requirement of a process (accounting, for example) and receives the output of that process (a financial statement, for example) from one or more internal or external suppliers. An organization’s strategy that combines all of its marketing goals into one comprehensive plan. A good marketing strategy should be drawn from market research and focus on the right product mix in order to achieve the maximum profit potential and sustain the business. The marketing strategy is the foundation of a marketing plan 1. General: A motivating force that compels action for its satisfaction. Needs range from basic survival needs (common to all human beings) satisfied by necessities, to cultural, intellectual, and social needs (varying from place to place and age group to age group) satisfied by necessaries. Needs are finite but, in contrast, wants (which spring from desires or wishes) are boundless. See also Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. 2. Marketing: A driver of human action which marketers try to identify, emphasize, and satisfy, and around which promotional efforts are organized. Sales Orientation : A business approach or philosophy that focuses on promoting sales of whatever a company makes or supplies, through marketing and sales calls. See also market orientation and product orientation.

Word Narrative

Collaborative practice I've been in hospital a few days now. I've settled in. Well as much as you can be expected to when you're in a strange environment. The first day was awful for me though, I had no idea what was going on. I'd just started my 3 weeks annual leave (l work abroad so I was looking forward to spending time with my family etc. ) and I started having severe chest pains at home. They were crushing pains I can't explain the pain in any other way than it felt like a vice. My wife called 999 and the ambulance asked a lot of questions, before I knew t I was on my way to hospital.I remember everyone just running around, it felt like no one was actually talking to me. Like I was invisible! The doctors were saying something about a possible stroke, but not to me, they were talking amongst themselves. They attached a load of wires to me and the monitor they attached me to constantly beeping. Still drives me crazy that noise all around the ward. Some of the nurses are nice, not all of them seem to like me though. Maybe I'm an inconvenience? Hope they don't think that. I know they are all really busy, that's obvious.I finally found out that have suffered a stroke and I need to stay in the hospital until I'm well enough to go home. Although most of what they said to me was not in a language I could understand! I can remember asking where my wife was a lot and no one answering me, which was really frustrating as I knew she would be equally as worried. Didn't get told when would be able to see her for at least an hour after arriving at the hospital. The ward I'm on has really strict visiting hours so my wife can only visit me for two hours a day and she isn't allowed to bring he children which is a shame.But have been told I will probably only spend 5 days on this ward and that if I'm not ready to go home I will be moved on to a ward with more flexible visiting hours. I'm looking forward to that. The thing that hate the most about being on a ward is having to use a commode behind a curtain. I am a 41 year old man and to be honest I find it very embarrassing and undignified. I'm not saying my experience her has been completely unpleasant but the sooner I get out of here the better and I will be in no hurry to come back.

A Study of BP and its Stakeholders in Nigeria Research Paper

A Study of BP and its Stakeholders in Nigeria - Research Paper Example BP has got much different kind of brands under its product portfolio. Each of BP brand has got its own personality and heritage but have one common thing in them which is that all the brands symbolizes, embodies and also provides tremendous energy. Some of the most top ranked brands of BP includes, ARAL one of the trusted brand in Germany; ARCO which tends to bring in low cost fuels and cleaner in the west coast of US; Castrol which is the world’s top oil for motors and also a specialist lubricants oil; ampm which is a convenience shop brand and Wild Bean Cafe. BP work includes exploration of oil and gas, extraction, moving those extracted oil and gas, making products and fuels out of the gas and oil and finally sells the products and the fuels. BP in the process of its exploration and extraction generates low carbon energy. It has been investing in new ways to provide energy from wind businesses and innovative solar to advanced bio fuels to energy technologies. BP tends to wo rk in ways which would benefit the society, communities and the habitats. The company strives to become the safety leader in its industry, corporate citizen, world class operator and at the same time great employer. BP is working to enhance the safety measures and risk management and earn back the trust and grow value (BP, 2012). Chapter 2 A Brief Organizational and Historical Background History BP history lies from way back in 1908 and since then B has been largely associated with discoveries whether large or small which have contributed into the progress of the company. From an Anglo Persian oil company BP has managed to become the global Oil and Gas Company. In the year 1917 the Anglo Persian Oil company bought BP which was a subsidiary of German company, in order to get its product to the customers across UK. Thus 1917 marked the brand name of BP. In 1920 BP got its official name and logo which was designed by AR Saunders from the purchasing department. 1932 was marked as an ico nic year for B as it has entered the advertisement world and designed advertisement for BP Plus, BP Ethyl and BP Super. In 1961 after the post war, BP had won Academy Award for a short documentary. 1965 BP started giving service with a smurf. Few years later BP extended its product portfolio and included food for poultry, dogs and fish. It became the largest supplier of animal food in North America. In 1988, BP buys Bristol and it became the first ever company to acknowledge potential risk of global warming in the year 1997. Year 2009 marked 100 years for BP and today BP is applying the same dedication towards its work towards challenges and opportunities in the 21st century (BP-b, 2012). Business Review As per the BP Energy Outlook 2030, the world is in the form of transition into a lower carbon energy mix. Thus BP needs to supply oil and gas to meet the demands. In the year 2011, the company invested $1.6billion in the energy business and the total investment made since 2005 amoun ted to about $6.6 million. BP is trying to meet its commitment and is moving forward. 2012 is said to be a year of milestone with high financial expected in the financial year 2013 and 2014 (BP-a, 2011, p.9).

Literary Exercise Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Literary Exercise - Assignment Example Here is the message that goes in favor of internet advertising. â€Å"The idea is based on consumers themselves taking the initiative by showing up voluntarily and interacting with what they find online.†(Internet†¦) This is an important gain and the seller has won the first round of the exercise, by arresting the considered attention of the customer. Online advertising is helpful to create a brand and to sustain the merits of the branded products. Quality of the product and the performance- based market go to solidify the foundation of the branded products. Not all products are suitable for online advertising. Some products like mortgages, cars etc. can exclusively sell through online marketing as the individual intent on purchasing will make the detailed shopping search through a search engine to judge the merits of several competing products. With online advertising and marketing one develops the type of intimacy which is not possible through the exposure in the established mass media. In the former case, the connection is more personal and in the latter case it is impersonal. Mere presence of online advertisements and messages leaves an imprint in the minds of the customers and the companies get better returns on their advertising budgets as compared to print and electronic media. Louisa Ha (2008) in article, â€Å"Online Advertising Research in Advertising Journals: A Review,† writes, â€Å"†¦. [suggests) five advantages of online advertising: 1) Awareness efficiency 2) easy to locate, 3) contact efficiency 4) conversion efficiency and 5) retention efficiency. Advertising influences sales in a peculiar style as the relationship between advertisements and revenues is a two-way traffic. The companies decide their budget on the basis of a fixed percentage of sales, which means, the more is the willingness of the company to spend on advertisement, when

Critq. of 2 current medical dictionary's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critq. of 2 current medical dictionary's - Essay Example dictionary contains the latest of the medical terms and the definitions provided are quite easy to understand even by layman as they are written in simple English and since many include examples, it becomes easy to correlate the meanings. The definitions are accurate and also include pronunciation phonetics along with singular/plural forms. Abbreviations have been provided so as the definitions do not exceed over pages! Etymologies or word origins of many words have been provided as well, as many of the medical terms have Latin origin, for further understanding and ease of memorizing the word. For example, if we know that â€Å"logy† means study, and â€Å"cardio† means pertaining to heart, then we can understand that cardiology is the study of the heart. Many terms also have certain statements in color, which bring attention of the user to special considerations that ought to be noted during practice. This is especially helpful as they work as tips, and are sometimes n ot even included in textbooks. In addition, a new section containing 100 most frequently prescribed drugs have been compiled. Some of the information is available in tabulated form for better correlation and a methodical approach to certain terms. A great feature of the hardcover edition, the one that I reviewed is that it contains a section containing various diseases along with their symptoms, diagnosis and treatments, which can come very handy for medical students. Another great point about this dictionary is that it prints synonyms for the various medical terms, which are useful for correlating various medical problems. The appendix included information regarding complementary and alternative medicine, prefixes/suffixes. There are more than 700 illustrations and 500 color pictures, according to Amazon, which has given this book a rating of four and a half stars! The illustrations include colored and labeled diagrams, pictures and charts, and are definitely very informative and o f superb quality.